RESUMEN
Vaccination is the most effective means of preventing and controlling porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED). Conventional vaccines developed from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) GI-a subtypes (CV777 and SM98) have played a vital role in preventing classical PED. However, with the emergence of PEDV mutants in 2010, conventional PEDV GI-a subtype-targeting vaccines no longer provide adequate protection against PEDV GII mutants, thereby making novel-type PED vaccine development an urgent concern to be addressed. Novel vaccines, including nucleic acid vaccines, genetically engineered subunit vaccines, and live vector vaccines, are associated with several advantages, such as high safety and stability, clear targeting, high yield, low cost, and convenient usage. These vaccines can be combined with corresponding ELISA kits to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals, which is beneficial for disease confirmation. This review provides a detailed overview of the recent advancements in PED vaccines, emphasizing on the research and application evaluation of novel PED vaccines. It also considers the future directions and challenges in advancing these vaccines to widespread use in clinics.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Coronavirus , Virus de la Diarrea Epidémica Porcina , Enfermedades de los Porcinos , Vacunas Virales , Porcinos , Animales , Infecciones por Coronavirus/prevención & control , Infecciones por Coronavirus/veterinaria , Vacunas Atenuadas , Diarrea/prevención & control , Diarrea/veterinariaRESUMEN
To clarify the pathogenesis of Duck enteritis virus (DEV), the cDNA library of duck's liver infected by DEV and a bait plasmid containing DEV nucleocapsid protein (NP) gene were constructed, then the receptor was screened from the cDNA library plasmid by the yeast two-hybrid system and verified by GST pull-down test. The results showed that the capacity of the primary cDNA library was 1 x 106 CFU with insertion size from 0.5 to 1 kb, and the bait plasmid of pGBKT7-NP showed no self-activation. The receptor reacting with DEV NP in duck liver was initially confirmed as the protein kinase C inhibitor (PKCI). These results provide new clues for further investigation on pathogenesis of DEV.
Asunto(s)
Alphaherpesvirinae/patogenicidad , Patos/virología , Proteínas de la Nucleocápside/genética , Receptores Virales/análisis , Animales , Biblioteca de Genes , Hígado/virología , Plásmidos , Técnicas del Sistema de Dos HíbridosRESUMEN
The glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (Tgf-beta) superfamily, which is produced by Sertoli cells and plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSC). The addition of proper amount of GDNF to the culture media can promote SSC proliferation in vitro. Besides, GDNF regulates the self-renewal and differentiation of SSCs through various signaling pathways. This review focuses on the effects of GDNF on the proliferation and differentiation of mammalian SSCs and GDNF-mediated signaling pathways.
Asunto(s)
Diferenciación Celular , Proliferación Celular , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado de la Línea Celular Glial/metabolismo , Espermatogonias/citología , Células Madre/citología , Animales , Masculino , Mamíferos , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Frogs were caught from 4 towns in Huaxi of Guiyang and dissected. The collected spargana were used to infect young dogs for species identification. Results showed that the wild frogs were identified as Rana nigromaculata, and the infection rate was 16% (131/818) with an average intensity infection of 3.44 per frog, The tapeworm obtained from an infected dog was specified as Spirometra mansoni.
